Faculty Advisor(s)

Cheryl Nimmo

Document Type

Capstone

Publication Date

Summer 2018

Rights

© 2018 Ruby Foster

Abstract

According to Tait & Malviya, (2005) children typically experience six to eight upper respiratory infections (URIs) per year with ninety-five percent being viral in etiology (Tait & Malvia, 2005). URIs commonly occur in the pediatric population (Bernando-Ocampo, 2012). An issue surrounding the debate on whether a child with upper respiratory infection (URI) should proceed with surgery or cancel surgery is a debate that has been ongoing for several years (Tait el al. 2005). This review examines whether children who have an URI scheduled for surgery are at an increased risk for adverse respiratory complications when the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is used in comparison to the endotracheal tube (ETT). To date there are limited large scale randomized controlled trials performed on this subject matter. Analyses of the randomized controlled trials performed on this topic have resulted in the use of the laryngeal mask airway reducing respiratory complications by largest percentage. According to (Luce et al. 2014, p.1089) “An OR 95% confidence interval of < 1 indicates a reduced incidence in outcomes associated with laryngeal mask airway use. An MD 95% confidence interval of < 0 indicates reduced PACU stay duration associated with laryngeal mask airway use”. The statistical results of this meta-analyses were “expressed as OR [95% confidence interval

Literature for this review was obtained from Cochrane Library, Medline Pub Med and EBSCO CINHAL. Search results yielded randomized control trials, experimental studies, meta-analysis, literature reviews, and systematic reviews. Many articles compared the use of the laryngeal mask airway to that of the endotracheal tube in children. All articles comparing each device in children with an upper respiratory infection concluded that the laryngeal mask airway was the best choice for decreasing adverse respiratory events. However, it is imperative that further research be performed to establish the most effective device to utilize under anesthesia for a child with a URI who presents to surgery.

Comments

Master's capstone

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